Architecture, professional practice, technology, and the consequences of intelligent systems.

Selected writing, books, lectures, and research

Selected work

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2026 · Research

The Cost of Becoming and Remaining an Architect in the United States

A quantitative study of the institutional structure of the U.S. architecture profession, examining professional organizations, participation, revenue, and the cumulative financial burden borne by architects across education, licensure, practice, and retirement.

2025–present · Course

Scales of Intelligence: AI, Agency, and Architecture

A seminar examining artificial intelligence in architectural practice through historical, technical, and theoretical lenses, with particular attention to agency, judgment, and the changing role of the architect.

2025 · Article

Artificial Intelligence, Agency, and Architecture.

An essay on the implications of artificial intelligence for architectural agency, examining how increasingly autonomous computational systems alter authorship, judgment, responsibility, and the role of the architect.

2024 · Article

RIBA Horizon Scan: Technological Innovation.

An introduction to RIBA Horizons 2034: Technological Innovation, framing how artificial intelligence, digitization, automation, and new forms of computation may reshape architectural practice over the coming decade.